Learn what causes nipple discharge, when it is normal, when it may require medical evaluation and how a breast surgeon in Dubai can help.
Nipple discharge is one of the most common breast-related concerns among women. Although it can be alarming, not all nipple discharge is a sign of disease. In fact, many cases are completely harmless. However, certain characteristics may require evaluation by a breast specialist to rule out underlying conditions.
What is considered normal?
Nipple discharge can occur in women at many stages of life. Here are some examples of physiological (normal) discharge:
1. Milky Discharge: small amounts of milky discharge, especially from both breasts, may occur due to
-Hormonal fluctuations
-Breast stimulation
-Certain medications (e.g. antidepressants, blood pressure medications)
-High prolactin level
This type of discharge often resolves spontaneously.
2. Clear Discharge: clear or watery discharge, especially after squeezing the nipple, may be due to benign causes such as
-Fibrocystic breast changes
-Mild hormonal imbalance
It is usually harmless if it comes from both breasts and multiple ducts.
When nipple discharge may be concerning
Some types of discharge require medical evaluation. These include:
1. Bloody or Brown Discharge: this is the most concerning type, especially if it comes from one breast and a single duct. It should always be assessed. Possible causes are
-Intraductal papilloma (benign)
-Duct ectasia
-In rare cases, breast cancer
2. Yellow or Green Discharge
Often linked to infections or duct inflammation, especially when accompanied by breast tenderness, redness, fever.
3. Spontaneous Discharge
Discharge that happens without squeezing and stains your bra or clothing is more likely to need evaluation.
What causes nipple discharge?
Common causes include:
-Hormonal changes (especially around menopause)
-Benign breast conditions such as papillomas
-Breast infections
-Thyroid disorders
-Certain medications
-Pregnancy or breastfeeding
A detailed clinical assessment is essential to identify the cause accurately.
How is it evaluated?
A proper evaluation may include:
-Clinical breast examination
-Breast ultrasound
-Mammography (depending on age)
-Nipple smear cytology
-Blood tests to evaluate hormone levels
Most women do not require invasive procedures, and many causes are benign.
Treatment options
Treatment depends on the underlying cause:
-Infections → antibiotics
-Papilloma → minor surgery to remove the affected duct
-Hormonal issues → medication adjustment
If the cause is benign, reassurance and monitoring are often enough.
FAQs
-Is nipple discharge always a sign of cancer?
No. Most cases are benign, especially when the discharge is milky, clear, or occurs in both breasts.
-Should I squeeze to check if it is still happening?
No. Squeezing can stimulate more discharge. It’s better to leave the breast untouched and monitor if it occurs spontaneously.
-Can nipple discharge happen during perimenopause?
Yes. Hormonal fluctuations commonly trigger discharge in this phase of life.
-Is green discharge dangerous?
Not usually — it is often related to benign infections or duct inflammation but still deserves evaluation.
About the Author
Dr. Annalisa Perego is a Breast Surgeon at Well Woman Clinic, Dubai.
She specializes in breast cancer prevention, diagnosis, breast imaging, benign breast conditions, and personalized women’s health screening.
